As we journey through the season of Lent, a time of reflection and penance in preparation for Easter, we encounter a day known as Laetare Sunday. But what exactly is Laetare Sunday, and why is it significant?
Laetare Sunday falls on the fourth Sunday of Lent and derives its name from the Latin word “Laetare,” meaning “Rejoice.” This joyful spirit is reflected in the opening words of the Introit at Mass: “Laetare Jerusalem” — “Rejoice, O Jerusalem.”
Originally, Lent began on the Sunday following Quinquagesima, comprising only thirty-six fasting days. However, to make up the forty days’ fast, the four days preceding the first Sunday of Lent were later added. The Thursday before Laetare Sunday technically marks the middle of Lent, once observed as such, but over time, the signs of joy were transferred to the Sunday following.
On Laetare Sunday, a contrast is emphasized between the somber tone of Lent and a restrained rejoicing, symbolized by certain indulgences.
Similar to the observance of Gaudete Sunday in Advent, flowers adorn the altar, the organ accompanies Mass and Vespers, and rose-colored vestments replace the usual purple.
Additionally, deacons and subdeacons wear dalmatics instead of folded chasubles, further distinguishing the day.
The station at Rome traditionally took place at the church of S. Croce in Gerusalemme, one of the seven chief basilicas. During this time, the Golden Rose, a symbol of blessing sent by popes to Catholic sovereigns, would be conferred, leading to the alternative name “Dominica de Rosa.”
Various other names have been associated with Laetare Sunday, such as Refreshment Sunday or the Sunday of the Five Loaves, referencing a miracle recorded in the Gospel. It is also known as Mid-Lent, mi-carême, or mediana, reflecting its position halfway through the Lenten season.
In some regions, it’s referred to as Mothering Sunday, indicating our spiritual heritage and the tradition of offering in the cathedral or mother-church.
While the origins of these names may vary, the underlying message of Laetare Sunday remains consistent: a reminder to find moments of joy amidst the rigors of Lent, as we anticipate the ultimate joy of Easter.